Chapter Zero 

Biology is written in italics, breakdowns are in bold

Each chapter will have short stories that follow the science 

What goes on in this chapter is Locket’s power of influence as what is covered here has an effect on the world of Organelle 

X stands for something either unknown or interchangeable 

Using biology I’m creating an alien civilization I call Organelle. A once glorious world where the high elite put their time and energy into using the DNA of the world around them to unlock the mysteries of creation and trade this knowledge with ET’s. However there was recently a change, Locket was elected and her first order of business is to turn Organelle into a monarchy for her to have total control. Organelle as a result falls into corruption. The people of Organelle will not stand for this and for the first time there is war. This is to be an extremely important war to overthrow Locket and end corruption.

Each chapter will either be a governmental or authoritative system or a nation

In Chapter Zero

I cover programmed cell death and this chapter will be my first place to add psychology since it will be reused and paired with other areas of psychology in the following chapters 

Below are two diagrams 

One being a basic animal cell 

The other being Apoptosis and Necroptosis

Which are referred to as programmed cell death 

The nuclear events occurring during apoptosis include changes at the molecular level (i.e. DNA cleavage,

The sudden change in the deepest level of X’s design 

A change in their core beliefs and values affecting how they express themselves 

A reaction that severs one of the covalent sugar-phosphate linkages between NUCLEOTIDES that compose the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA

modifications of nuclear polypeptides,

 a continuous, unbranched chain of amino acids

a single-stranded chain

Modification of what was an organized process 

and proteolysis of several proteins important for cell maintenance

the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids

X’s structure has been broken into smaller parts called X

The basic structure of X has been modified 

chromatin condensation,

a reduction of volume due to a occupied space organization into densely packed higher-order structures

Loss of ability to provide X due to the need to understand the relationships between X

spatial being your ability to see and understand the relationships between shapes, spaces, and areas.

nuclear shrinkage,

Entering a more primitive state

and DNA fragmentation

DNA fragmentation is the process of DNA strands breaking apart into smaller pieces fragmentation gradually accumulates in a cell

The process of breaking apart X into many smaller X

The four stages of apoptosis are:

induction,

The two main pathways of apoptosis are extrinsic

not part of the essential nature of someone or something; coming or operating from outside

The outside influences of X are the cause of one to be put in position to influence the development in X

and intrinsic

belonging naturally; essential.

as well as a perforin/granzyme pathway

Perforin is a pore-forming protein and also known as cytoplasmic granule toxins

granzymes is to induce the death of virus-infected and other potentially harmful cells

essential components of the cytotoxic granules

present in cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells.

Each requires specific triggering signals to begin an energy-dependent cascade of molecular events

To be triggered by toxic X causing the dependent..

cascade meaning process by which a nucleic acid molecule is in a way that involves enzymes copied to generate an offspring population with the same sequence as the parental one

Chain of events that get passed down to the offspring of the parental X

early phase,

Cells become smaller, with a denser cytoplasm and more tightly packed organelles

Development of the person’s environment is reduced to a smaller state that is more manageable for them 

translocation

moves to the outer leaf of the plasma membrane

Signaling molecules downstream of the death receptors are activated

cell surface proteins that respond to extracellular death signals

X is open to receiving signals from outside the region and as a result relocate X from one community to another 

pathway activation

the process by which a chemical signaling molecule activates a series of interactions between molecules in a cell

X acting like a signalling body enables a series of interactions or consequences to take place between beings in Organelle 

mid phase

The mid phase is when the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways converge.

The intrinsic pathway of apoptosis is a programmed cell death pathway that's activated when a cell is injured

The extrinsic pathway of apoptosis is a process that removes cells that are infected with a virus or are potentially malignant

The response effort to dangerous situations come together to use the same strategies in a number of situations instead of both being completely independent from each other 

Mitochondrial membrane breakdown is when the mitochondrial membrane loses integrity, which is an irreversible step in the cell's commitment to apoptosis

Caspase activation

Caspases exist as inactive zymogens in cells and undergo a cascade of catalytic activation which is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being changed by the reaction

late phase

The late stage of apoptosis is characterized by DNA fragmentation(karyorrhexis), which starts upon completion of nuclear condensation 

DNA fragmentation is the process of DNA strands breaking apart into smaller pieces

Chromatin, which is normally a genetically active network, condenses into a more inert, compact form. This process begins at the nuclear membrane and forms a ring or crescent shape

Nuclear fragmentation: The nucleus breaks up inside the cell

Following the breakage of X into smaller pieces of information concerning X there is the shrinkage of X to a weaker state as the territory of the elite becomes unstable and there is division 

⋆.ೃ࿔*:･

Necroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that involves the translocation…

a genetic change

occurs when a piece of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome

When the smaller group of X separates and joins the other larger group of X

Let’s revisit the parts of the chromosome 

Chromatids

Chromatids allow cells to store two copies of their DNA in preparation for cell division.

X has allowed the contact between worlds to store away two copies of their reports in preparation for the development of a new X being the offspring 

Telomeres

Telomeres prevent the ends of chromosomes from fraying, tangling, or degrading. 

X is used to prevent the degradation and unwanted damage to the reports

They also protect chromosomes from DNA damage, DNA end-joining, and accidental DNA recombination

recombination 

DNA recombination is the process of breaking and rejoining DNA segments to create new nucleotide sequences It's essential for generating genetic diversity and maintaining genome integrity

Dismantling X into pieces and rejoining parts of it to create new X to maintain diversity 

Chromatin

Chromatin's main function is to condense DNA into a compact form that can fit within the nucleus of a cell.

Efforts to condense the important information into a more compact form of X for the purpose of being able to contain X within the borders of the highest form of government 

Histones

Histones strengthen DNA to allow replication help control gene activity

The people look over and add improvements to the documents and set conditions on the activity that surrounds this information 

Kinetochore

The kinetochore acts as a signaling hub to regulate the cell cycle

Use of communication to apply order to the system and planning 

Telomeric proteins

or when pieces from two different chromosomes trade places.

A part of X is swapped with another part

and a process in protein synthesis..

Which includes:

Transcription

where genetic instructions from DNA are transferred to mRNA in the nucleus

What is mRNA?

mRNA stands for messenger RNA and it’s function being the process of transferring genetic information from DNA into a cell

Instructions derived from the information presented from the reports is moved in a different form to other parts of the world 

Translation

Translation is the process of converting genetic information in RNA into functional proteins

Proteins provide structure and support for cells Some proteins act as chemical messengers

Using the information provided to build functional institutions with the purpose of creating a strong and structured X as some of these institutions act as bases of communication 

Elongation

 a biological process that involves the addition of amino acids to a growing chain

Termination

the end of transcription or translation, or the process of ending cellular signaling

…of signaling proteins to the nucleus

Communications are to be brought to the highest level of government 

Following necroptosis induction, 

RIPK3 is activated 

What is RIPK3?

an enzyme that is a vital component of necrosomes,

What are necrosomes? 

Necrosomes are made up of receptor-interacting protein 

Being Fas-associated protein

Fas-associated refers to multiple proteins and their roles in cell development, and other processes

A developed city with proud structures that play a role in the development of societies along with preforming X

Fas-associated death domain:

is an adapter protein that connects the Fas-receptor

An adaptor protein is a protein that connects other proteins to help transmit signals from the cell membrane to the cytoplasm

The Fas Receptor:

is a protein that regulates the immune system

The connection between X to allow communication between military and the working class 

death receptor that interacts with its ligand

ligand is a molecule that binds to a receptor, to send signals within or between cells. When a ligand binds to its receptor, the receptor's shape or activity changes

A joining of a structural system to a communication structure to send signals both internationally and intergalactically 

to procaspases 8 and 10

Procaspase-8 is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain 

Pro-Caspase-10 is a protein that is part of the caspase family of enzymes

To create a chain of orders to improve the speed and efficiency of Locket’s laws being put into place and effect

to form the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC)

with death domain leading to activation of the pseudokinase

 a protein kinase that lacks the ability to catalyze reactions,

With the new laws in place the allowing the acceleration of X

but still plays a role in cell signaling

also known as signal transduction, is the process by which cells communicate with each other and their environment

The development process in which communications can occur with other worlds as they react to what celestial bodies are close by 

mixed lineage kinase

Or MLK is a protein kinase that is part of the mitogen-activated protein or MAP

Kinases are enzymes that regulate many cellular activities by transferring phosphate groups from ATP to other cellular substrates

Monitoring the activity within an between nations 

a reaction where a phosphate group is moved from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule

While moving X to the people whose job is to take  X from another group during an X event 

 a chemical entity that receives electrons from another molecule during a redox reaction

During this event energy that was created is passed between beings

enzymes that regulate cellular responses to stimuli, such as heat shock

followed by a rapid plasma membrane rupture

A societal catastrophe breaks away all order in Organelle 

and inflammatory response through the release of damage-associated molecular patterns and cytokines

small proteins that are crucial in controlling the growth and activity of other immune system cells like T Cells 

Triggering the response of X and military personnel 

which trigger caspase-independent programmed necrosis

occurs when caspases are not activated

a family of enzymes that are central to apoptosis

This has become life or death 

cysteine proteases

 are a class of enzymes that break down proteins 

that cleave proteins

the process of breaking the peptide bonds between amino acids in proteins

The destruction of X by rebels and the breakdown of the system 

after an aspartic acid residue. 

This process leads to changes in cell morphology

Cell morphology can be used to determine the health and viability of cells in a culture

It can be used to identify and differentiate cells from each other

MLKL is activated in the nucleus,

What is MLKL?

the terminal protein in the pro-inflammatory necroptotic cell death program

A call to action within the government in the lockdown of the world 

Necroptosis is a type of programmed cell death that is similar to necrosis, but is caspase-independent.

It's governed by the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1),

regulates the decision between cell death and survival

A meeting is held between elites to discuss the state of the world and to make the decision on whether to let the people of Organelle destroy themselves or to look for a solution instead 

RIP3,

RIP3 is a vital part of the necrosome, a signaling complex

that triggers caspase-independent programmed necrosis. 

Necroptosis is activated by pattern recognition receptors

Pattern recognition being considered a vital part of the surveillance of the population to study their habits for political gain 

and death receptor ligands from the innate immune system

Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against harmful substances, such as bacteria and viruses

The military is to be made vigilant to possible terror threats from intergalactic adversaries 

and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL).

the terminal protein in the pro-inflammatory necroptotic cell death program

and after their cooperative nuclear export,

they contribute to cytosolic necrosome formation

The population is to be conditioned to accept the possibility of Organelle’s end

Consequently, the export of RIPK3 and MLKL from the nucleus to the cytosol 

Cytosol is the fluid that surrounds organelles and fills the inside of the cell 

Given the state of the world it is decided that efforts need to take place within the entire population which consequently means the possibility of there being full disclosure 

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